أقمار كوزموس

[السيف الدمشقي]

هذه السلسلة التي تواصلت و أصبحت بالالاف تحلق حول هذا الكوكب هي كانت مبعث الالهام و الاعجاب و الخوف بوقت واحد

بدأت الرحلات لمجموعة أقمار كوزموس السوفيتية مع اطلاق سبوتنيك-1 عام 1958

راقب الجنس البشري تلك الكرة الفضية تمر في السماء كل مساء و ترسل بثا لا سلكيا الى كافة أجهزة الراديو حول العالم

البعض تامل مندهشا متعجبا و هناك من كان حاسدا خائفا و بالطبع فمواطنوا الدولة السوفيتية حينها ملأهم شعور بالزهو و الفخر

تتالت بعدها الانتصارات السوفيتية في سباق الفضاء


قائمة طويلة طويلة من الابطال السوفييت كرواد للفضاء

لكن قلما جرى الاعلام عن الاقمار المخصصة للتجسس و ما تفعله و ما هي قدراتها


و كان شيئا مدهشا أن يكتشف العالم فيما بعد مدى التقدم الفائق الذي يتمتع به السوفييت و من بعدهم الروس في هذا المجال



كانت السلسلة المبكرة من أقمار كوزموس التي غلب عليها اسم سبوتنيك

Kosmos 1​

Main article: Kosmos 1

Kosmos 1, also known as Sputnik 11, was launched on 16 March 1962 at 12:00:00 GMT. Orbital mass 285 kg. It was the first satellite of the Soviet Earth Satellite series.[4] Employed radio instruments in order to study the structure of the ionosphere.

Kosmos 2​

Main article: Kosmos 2

Kosmos 2, also known as Sputnik 12, was launched on 6 April 1962 at 17:16:00 GMT. Orbital mass 285 kg. It was the second satellite of the Soviet Earth Satellite series.[4] Employed radio instruments in order to study the structure of the ionosphere.

Kosmos 3​

Main article: Kosmos 3

Kosmos 3, also known as Sputnik 13, was launched on 24 April 1962 at 04:04:00 GMT. Orbital mass 330 kg. It belongs to the Soviet Earth Satellite series.[4] It was used to study the upper layers of the atmosphere, Earth and the outer space. Data was relayed to Earth by a multichannel telemetry systems equipped with space-borne memory units.

Kosmos 4​

Main article: Kosmos 4

Kosmos 4, also known as Sputnik 14, was launched on 26 April 1962 at 10:04:00 GMT. Orbital mass 4610 kg. It was used to study the upper layers of the atmosphere, Earth and the outer space. It was developed to measure radiation before and after nuclear tests conducted during the U.S. project Starfish.[4] Data was relayed to Earth by a multichannel telemetry systems equipped with space-borne memory units.

Kosmos 5​

Main article: Kosmos 5

Kosmos 5, also known as Sputnik 15, was launched on 28 May 1962 at 03:07:00 GMT. Orbital mass 280 kg. It was used to study the upper layers of the atmosphere, Earth and the outer space. Data was relayed to Earth by a multichannel telemetry systems equipped with space-borne memory units.[4]

Kosmos 6​

Main article: Kosmos 6

Kosmos 6, also known as Sputnik 16, was launched on 30 June 1962 at 16:04:00 GMT from Kapustin Yar. Orbital mass 355 kg. It was a Soviet DS (Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik) type military satellite built in Ukraine for launch by Kosmos launch vehicles. It was used for military and scientific research and component proving tests.[4]

Kosmos 7​

Main article: Kosmos 7

Kosmos 7, also known as Sputnik 17, was launched on 28 July 1962 at 09:21:00 GMT. Orbital mass 4610 kg. It was used to study the upper layers of the atmosphere, Earth and the outer space. Data was relayed to Earth by a multichannel telemetry systems equipped with space-borne memory units. It was used to measure radiation in the space environment in order to guarantee safety during the flight of the Vostok 3 and Vostok 4 spacecraft.[4]

Kosmos 8​

Main article: Kosmos 8

Kosmos 8, also known as Sputnik 18, was launched on 18 August 1962 at 05:02:00 GMT from Kapustin Yar. Orbital mass 337 kg. It was a Soviet DS (Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik) type military satellite built in Ukraine for launch by Kosmos launch vehicles. It was used for military and scientific research and component proving tests.[4]

كان معظمها يقوم بمهام بحوث علمية خالصة و لم يكن لها أي علاقة بعمل عسكري أو تجسسي

 

[السيف الدمشقي]

هذه الدراسات تدعي من خلالها المصادر الغربية بمعرفتها بتفصيلات برامج غزو الفضاء التي يقوم بها السوفييت حينها

https://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/dev/hillger/russian.htm


http://www.astronautix.com/d/ds-u3-s.html

حتى الان لا يوجد أية تفصيلات غربية منشورة حول قدرات الاقمار الصناعية السوفيتية

حتى بعد تفكك الدولة السوفيتية فلا يوجد اي معلومات منشورة تشير الى ذلك

يبدو ذلك أمرا غريبا الى حد لافت للجميع ممن يبحثون في هذا المجال


Main article: List of Kosmos satellites

• Kosmos 21 - failed Venus (Venera) probe mission
• Kosmos 24 - failed Venus probe mission
• Kosmos 47 - first uncrewed test flight of Voskhod crewed spacecraft
• Kosmos 57 - second uncrewed test flight of Voskhod crewed spacecraft
• Kosmos 60 - failed Moon (Luna) landing probe mission
• Kosmos 96 - failed Venus landing probe mission
• Kosmos 110 - first Soviet biosatellite (contained biological experiments)
• Kosmos 111 - failed first Moon orbiting mission
• Kosmos 122 - first Soviet meteorological satellite
• Kosmos 133 - first uncrewed test flight of Soyuz crewed spacecraft
• Kosmos 140 - second uncrewed test flight of Soyuz crewed spacecraft
• Kosmos 144 - a soviet meteorology satellite that predated the Meteor program
• Kosmos 146 - first uncrewed flight of planned crewed L1 Moon-flyby spacecraft
• Kosmos 154 - second uncrewed flight of planned crewed L1 Moon-flyby spacecraft
• Kosmos 156 - a soviet satellite that predated the Meteor program
• Kosmos 159 - failed probe satellite to test gravitational anomalies caused by the Moon
• Kosmos 167 - failed Venus landing probe mission
• Kosmos 186 and 188 - uncrewed test flights of Soyuz crewed spacecraft, the first ever automatic docking of satellites
• Kosmos 212 and Kosmos 213 - uncrewed test flights of Soyuz crewed spacecraft with second automatic docking
• Kosmos 238 - final test series of Soyuz programme spacecraft
• Kosmos 300 - failed Moon sample return mission
• Kosmos 305 - failed Moon sample return mission
• Kosmos 359 - failed Venus landing probe mission
• Kosmos 367 - first launched satellite with an onboard nuclear reactor US-A
• Kosmos 382 - first uncrewed flight of prototype of planned LOK moon-orbital spacecraft of L3 crewed moon-landing program
• Kosmos 419 - failed Mars orbiting probe mission
• Kosmos 482 - failed Venus landing probe mission, parts crashed in south New Zealand.
• Kosmos 557 - failed third DOS type space station in the Salyut program
• Kosmos 605 - first of the Bion series, containing biological organisms
• Kosmos 638 - first uncrewed test flight of Soyuz/7K-TM crewed spacecraft for Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (ASTP)
• Kosmos 670 - first uncrewed test flight of Soyuz-VI/7K-S military crewed spacecraft
• Kosmos 638 - second uncrewed test flight of Soyuz/7K-TM crewed spacecraft for ASTP
• Kosmos 772 - second uncrewed test flight of Soyuz-VI/7K-S military crewed spacecraft
• Kosmos 782 - first mission in which the U.S. participated in the Soviet Kosmos program
• Kosmos 869 - third uncrewed test flight of Soyuz-VI/7K-S military crewed spacecraft
• Kosmos 929 - first uncrewed flight of planned crewed TKS spacecraft
• Kosmos 954 - launched with an onboard nuclear US-A reactor; failed (reasons uncertain) and re-entered atmosphere on 24 January 1978, strewing radioactive debris across northern Canada
• Kosmos 1001 - first uncrewed test flight of Soyuz-T crewed spacecraft
• Kosmos 1074 - second uncrewed test flight of Soyuz-T crewed spacecraft
• Kosmos 1267 - second flight of TKS spacecraft
• Kosmos 1275 - believed to be the first spacecraft destroyed by space debris, but this is unconfirmed and there are other theories to explain its break up.[5]
• Kosmos 1374 - first flight of BOR-4 prototype of Spiral military shuttle system
• Kosmos 1375 - target satellite launched in Jun 1982 and intercepted and destroyed by Kosmos 1379 a few weeks later.
• Kosmos 1378 - ELINT satellite
• Kosmos 1402 - failed
• Kosmos 1408 - destroyed in an anti-satellite weapon test
• Kosmos 1443 - third flight of TKS spacecraft
• Kosmos 1445 - second flight of BOR-4 prototype of Spiral military shuttle system
• Kosmos 1517 - third flight of BOR-4 prototype of Spiral military shuttle system
• Kosmos 1614 - fourth flight of BOR-4 prototype of Spiral military shuttle system
• Kosmos 1669 - control-restored flight of Progress cargo spacecraft
• Kosmos 1686 - fourth flight of TKS spacecraft
• Kosmos 1818 - first RORSAT with Topaz-1 nuclear reactor
• Kosmos 1867 - second RORSAT with Topaz-1 nuclear reactor
• Kosmos 1870 - uncrewed flight of Almaz military station
• Kosmos 2251 - collided with an Iridium satellite
• Kosmos 2441 - first in a new series of spy satellites (Persona), features updated imaging technology and an extended lifetime of up to seven years, failed
• Kosmos 2479 - last Oko US-KMO early warning satellite, launched on last Proton-K launch vehicle.
• Kosmos 2480 - Kobalt-M spy satellite, launched aboard the last Soyuz-U launch vehicle from Plesetsk Cosmodrome.

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